最新西安汽車美容市場(chǎng)分析報(bào)告

西安的汽車美容裝潢市場(chǎng)行業(yè)分析報(bào)告

一，開業(yè)前準(zhǔn)備的工作。

1.市場(chǎng)定位。

在成都開店前做得最多的事情，應(yīng)該是市場(chǎng)調(diào)查，調(diào)查所在地其他同行的日常經(jīng)營情況，經(jīng)營檔次和客流量還有經(jīng)營項(xiàng)目是主要了解的內(nèi)容。只有在充分了解了對(duì)手的情況后，才能更好的制定出自己的經(jīng)營路線取長補(bǔ)短。是做大排檔還是專業(yè)店這很關(guān)鍵，關(guān)乎到日后的可持續(xù)發(fā)展和新業(yè)務(wù)的拓展。當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?chǎng)調(diào)查的調(diào)查項(xiàng)目你的投資有多少?

對(duì)核心技術(shù)掌握的程度?你的技術(shù)骨干有多少？店鋪的位置怎么樣?

經(jīng)營商圈內(nèi)的目標(biāo)顧客群體和潛在顧客群體怎么樣?店面經(jīng)營面積有多大?如何進(jìn)行劃分?

店面外的停車位置有多少?準(zhǔn)備經(jīng)營那幾類項(xiàng)目?店面裝修如何?

周圍的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手如何?他們的優(yōu)勢(shì)與劣勢(shì)如何?

該項(xiàng)目整個(gè)城市中最大的幾個(gè)經(jīng)營著的發(fā)展范圍如何?你們城市對(duì)該項(xiàng)目的管理情況如何?你的經(jīng)營管理理念和路線是什么?

怎樣來推廣這些經(jīng)營管理理念和路線?你如何建立一個(gè)穩(wěn)定\\團(tuán)結(jié)\\向上的團(tuán)隊(duì)?還有如何進(jìn)行宣傳推廣?

2.店鋪準(zhǔn)備。前期投資

1.前期投資約5-10萬元設(shè)備投資：柜臺(tái)、門面裝修、電腦及簡(jiǎn)單家具，一次性投入約2萬元。

2.3個(gè)月運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)費(fèi)用：一家店新開張，要作好兩三個(gè)月沒有生意的準(zhǔn)備，最好事先籌備好3個(gè)月的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)費(fèi)用3萬元左右。

3.進(jìn)貨款：新店開張，店里要備好大約價(jià)值2萬元的汽車裝潢材料。當(dāng)然，如果有供應(yīng)商愿意讓你代銷裝潢材料，賣出去再結(jié)算，那這一筆費(fèi)用可以省下。

4.手續(xù)費(fèi)：一般來說，注冊(cè)資金為50萬元的企業(yè)，代理費(fèi)用約三四千元。B.每月支出

1.房租：在較高檔的居民小區(qū)附近，租一個(gè)20-40平方米的門面，加上水電和物業(yè)管理費(fèi)，一般花費(fèi)在每月201*-5000元。

2.員工工資：開一家汽車裝潢小店，至少要聘請(qǐng)一名電工和兩名貼膜工。電工月薪在1200-1500元左右，貼膜工大約月薪千元。3.稅收：每月固定稅收大約500元。

4.每月交際費(fèi)用：不算很高，大約1000元就可以了。

C.每月收入

按市場(chǎng)行情，一輛Passat做普通的整車裝潢，收費(fèi)約為3000-5000元，一輛桑車的整車普通裝潢，收費(fèi)在201*-3000元。但做整體裝潢的車輛相對(duì)較少，而以做局部裝潢為多。一家小型門店，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常的話，每月營業(yè)額可達(dá)到4-5萬元。

汽車裝潢毛利率為40%，每月毛利大約在15000元到201*0元之間，再扣除各項(xiàng)支出，便是每月凈利潤。

3.經(jīng)營項(xiàng)目。

汽車美容店當(dāng)然應(yīng)該以洗車和美容為主業(yè)啦，但是具體的美容項(xiàng)目是什么呢？一．新車開蠟二．汽車封釉美容三．漆面打蠟四．漆面拋光五．底盤裝甲

六．汽車內(nèi)飾桑拿七．汽車漆面劃痕修復(fù)八．車內(nèi)真皮制品的護(hù)理九．光觸媒內(nèi)室殺菌消毒十．輪胎翻新十一．車身彩貼十二．汽車內(nèi)部裝飾十三．汽車防爆膜十四．安裝倒車?yán)走_(dá)十五．中央門鎖十六．防盜器

十七．全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)(GPS)十八．汽車隔音十九．真皮座椅

4.招聘員工。最好在招工時(shí)，多招熟練工人。除了可以快速進(jìn)入工作狀態(tài)令店面迅速走上正軌之外，還能順帶的安排他培訓(xùn)其他的新手。此外，需要注意的

是，不要在招工啟事上注明“招美容師傅”。因?yàn)檫@樣招來的人，多數(shù)只干打蠟、拋光封釉之類的活，絕不肯洗車的。招人一定要招什么都肯干的人，如果有這樣的師傅，寧可多付點(diǎn)工資。除了可以減少不必要的閑人、降低店面運(yùn)營費(fèi)用之外，還能在隊(duì)伍里樹立一個(gè)好的榜樣。

5.裝修店面。裝修美容車間時(shí)，應(yīng)多以方便日后的使用為好，并盡可能的考慮到多方面的情況，安排好蓄水（水池）、排水（污水）、濾水（污水）等方面，電器插座還要考慮防潮防短路等問題。車間設(shè)計(jì)盡量簡(jiǎn)潔，布線布管要合理，最好把車間的用電獨(dú)立一個(gè)閘刀，以防日后因短路跳閘而影響全店面的正常用電。此外，要考慮到日后的拓展需要，為日后拓展新業(yè)務(wù)需要而預(yù)留空間，比如說貼膜房和舉升機(jī)位置,我給些準(zhǔn)備裝修的朋友一些建議：

(1)汽車停車位置應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)有3個(gè)以上為好，要是面積不夠，最少也不能少過兩個(gè)位置，否則雨后的晴天，是根本忙不過來的。

(2)最好能安裝提升機(jī)，無論是更換機(jī)油還是噴底盤裝甲，都是給客人顯示你們專業(yè)形象的最好方式。

(3)保留貼膜房，而且最好是靠近外面設(shè)置，而不是縮在店里面。在貼膜的時(shí)候，關(guān)上玻璃大門，行人經(jīng)過就可以看到了。

6.設(shè)備購買。我給大家列舉需要購買的設(shè)備：

(1)闊龍電腦洗車機(jī)一臺(tái)，這是每一家專業(yè)的汽車美容店必不可少的設(shè)備。

(2)地毯甩干機(jī)1臺(tái)。最好是不銹鋼外殼的。

(3)吸塵器2臺(tái)最好。剛開業(yè)時(shí)，工少，可以只購買一臺(tái)。

(4)打蠟機(jī)2臺(tái)。車多時(shí)或是趕工時(shí)，可以同時(shí)施工，快點(diǎn)。

(5)拋光機(jī)2臺(tái)。理由同上。

(6)臭氧消毒機(jī)或者是高溫消毒機(jī)1臺(tái)。臭氧消毒機(jī)實(shí)用和危險(xiǎn)度低于高溫機(jī)。

(7)水槍一臺(tái)，沖洗腳墊等用。

(8)水桶若干、毛巾若干、刷子若干。

7.制度設(shè)定。任何的公司企業(yè)，都要有員工守則，要用制度去約束員工而不是老板去監(jiān)督員工。具體的細(xì)則將在下文提供參考。

8.加盟學(xué)習(xí)。如果你考慮到加盟一個(gè)品牌的話，那么就需要做這方面的準(zhǔn)備了，但是在眾多的美容品牌里挑選一個(gè)好的，的確不是件容易的事。因此，加盟前必須了解清楚該品牌的實(shí)力、能夠提供的幫助、企業(yè)與產(chǎn)品的知名度、加盟條件與

費(fèi)用等等。就算是選好的連鎖品牌，在簽約時(shí)也必須把合同看清楚，了解透徹了方好簽字。否則日后出來問題，就又免不了一些無謂的爭(zhēng)吵了。加盟的合同寫多漂亮都好，和現(xiàn)實(shí)都有很大的差別。不如說，他寫的都是超正常的運(yùn)營狀態(tài)，排除了雨天、停電、停水、放假等因素。此外他們通常都是強(qiáng)調(diào)的是收入，而沒有給大家計(jì)算費(fèi)用的成本。就算是列出了成本，也只是簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算了一下工資、房租、水電稅金等常用費(fèi)用，而沒有把其他的雜七雜八的費(fèi)用給大家列明，例如說水桶、水鞋、制服、刷子、清洗劑、機(jī)器設(shè)備配件和維修折舊、工人的伙食費(fèi)、工人房的租金、工人提成等等一系列的費(fèi)用。這些都是很運(yùn)營成本，而很奇怪的是，加盟總部總是不約而同的沒有一一列明出來。不能說是故意的，只能說是“善意”的。只有當(dāng)你真正加盟了以后，才能看到問題的所在，但到那時(shí)一般都是騎虎難下了。雖然不能一棍子打翻一船人，但有心想加盟的你，必須有這個(gè)心理準(zhǔn)備才好。

9.產(chǎn)品購買。如果選擇了加盟連鎖品牌，那么多數(shù)是使用品牌提供的產(chǎn)品了。但如果沒有選擇加盟的話，那選擇什么產(chǎn)品來使用呢？其實(shí)不難，這就要看你市場(chǎng)調(diào)查的工作做得夠不夠細(xì)了。通過仔細(xì)的觀察同行，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)他們通常使用的產(chǎn)品是闊龍牌子的，既然大家都選擇了這個(gè)牌子的產(chǎn)品，自然不會(huì)差到哪里去了。

擴(kuò)展閱讀：最新市場(chǎng)分析報(bào)告

1.CustomerRequirementsandAttitudes

Dependingonthemarketsformanganeseproducts,customerattitudesandrequirementswillvaryconsiderably.Generally,theproductionsideofmanganeseproductsareextremelymatureindustrieswithsubstantialover-capacity,sothattheproducersarelessthanforthcomingaboutdiscussingtheirmarkets.Nevertheless,manyofthosehaveexitedtheindustryorconsumersofmanganeseproductshavebeenwillingtosharetheirpreferencesandattitudesonmanganeseproducts.Therearesomecommonfeaturesofallofthecustomersandtheirviewsoftheirindividualmarketsthatareworthintegratingatthebeginningofthediscussion:Themarketstobeservedarebyandlargeindustrialmarketspopulatedbyindustrialbuyers,responsibleformeetingcostbudgetsaswellasspecificationrequirements.Themarketperceptionofproductsfromemergingmarketsisuniformlypooracrossthemultiplemarketsweexamined.Thestatedopinionoftherespondentsevidentlybeliesthetruth;theproductsfromemergingmarketsevidentlysellwellonthemarket.Thecustomerstypicallyseetheirsuppliersintwoclassesthe“high-end”suppliersofhighqualityandoftenbrandedproduct,andthe“l(fā)ow-end”productthatisveryinexpensivebutpotentiallyfraughtwithproblems.Thecustomersareverypricesensitiveingeneralthepriceofqualityisrelativelylowattheprocurementlevelinthecustomer,butmuchhigherintheoperationsandsales

departmentsofthecustomer.Therearealsosubstantialpricebreaksdemandedforloyaltytoaparticularsupplier,orforvolumeofprocurement.Overall,thecustomersthatpurchasenaturalmanganesedioxide,manganousoxideandmanganesesulphatemonohydratearesophisticatedpurchasersthatseemtoallknoweachother,either

throughreputation,tradeassociation,orbymigrationacrosscompanies.Manytimes,wefoundthattheyhadworkedtogetherpriortoanindustryconsolidation.Itappearstobearelativelytightnetworkofbuyersandsellersineachandallofthemarketsunderdiscussion.

TheCompetitiveLandscapeforManganeseProducts

Interestingly,thecompetitivelandscapeinManganeseproducts--NMD,manganousoxide,manganesesulphate--isnotdominatedinlargepartbyfourlargeconglomeratesthatfocusonmanganese(pleaserefertoourappendixonthe“bigfour”ofmanganese).However,inourinvestigation,weweresurprisedtofindthattherearemanymoreproducersofproducts,especiallyformanganesesulphateandMSM,thanwehadoriginallyanticipated.Thisappearstobeduetothesmallnatureofthecustomerbaseformanganesematerialsotherthaninferro-alloysandthehistoricaldevelopmentoftheproductsandindustriesfortheotherusesofmanganese.TheFieldofCompetition

ThereareamassivenumberofproducersofmanganeseproductssimilartotheproductsMECisproducing.Thesearetrulyworld-marketgoods,withkeyproducersinmanycountriesthroughouttheworld.Thetablebelowillustratesapartiallistoftheproducers,aswearecertainthereareotherswedidnotlocate.Nevertheless,thislistgivesthereaderaverygoodideaofthescopeandbreadthoftheindustryofMEC:Themarketsformanganeseproducts(otherthanferro-metallurgical)areallcharacterisedasmatureindustrieswithover-capacityinthesupplyindustries.Thisgenerallymakesmanganeseproductslow-marginproducts.Hence,thereareconsolidationsthathavebeenoccurringinallbranchesoftheseindustriesatasubstantialpaceoverthelastfewyears.2.Themarketsformanganeseproducts(otherthanferro-metallurgical)areall

characterisedasmatureindustrieswithover-capacityinthesupplyindustries.Thisgenerallymakesmanganeseproductslow-marginproducts.Hence,thereareconsolidationsthathavebeenoccurringinallbranchesoftheseindustriesatasubstantialpaceoverthelastfewyears.PenetrationforBatteryUses

ManganeseDioxideisprincipallyusedinbatteries.Withintheproductionof

ManganeseDioxideforbatteries,therearethreetypesofproducers:ProducersthatspecialiseinEMDmanufacture,typicallyforuseinbatteries.ProducersthatmakeonlyChemicalManganeseDioxide(CMD),generallyasaby-productfromsaccharinemanufacturing.Producersthatsupplynaturalbatteryore.Typically,thenaturalbatteryoreproducersareoneofthelargefourminingconglomerates,alongwitha

numberofsmallermines(e.g.inIndonesia)thatgrindbatteryoreprincipallyforlocalbatteryproducers.Naturalbatteryoreisgenerallynotalargemarketatthemerchant

level,asthebatteryproducersareaquiteconcentratedindustryingeneral,andtheselargebatteryconglomeratestypicallynegotiatequitefavourablecontractswiththeminesthatproducebattery-gradeore.Virtuallyeverymanganesedepositthatiscapableof

producingbatterygradeorewasdiscoveredandmappedbefore1970,althoughsomeadditionallenseshavebeenfoundinanAustralianmine.Thus,thequalityofvirtuallyallbatteryoreisknowntothebatteryproducers,andtheytypicallysetthepricetheywishtopayfornaturalgroundbatteryore(NMD).Inshort,thisisamarketthatisdifficulttomakeaprofitinthereisover-capacityinthemarket,andconsolidationinthebatteryindustry,suchthatlow(ornegative)marginswilloccuratthebatteryoresupplierlevel.

TheEMDproducers,ontheotherhand,arearelativelyfractionatedindustryfightingatechnologybattleinamarketthatisgrowingat6%peryear.Theirprocessisquitesensitivetotheoretheyuse,andsomeoreismuchbetterfortheirprocessthanothers.Oneormoreparticularcharacteristicsofanaturalproduct(ore)asaninputcanformthecoreofacompetitiveadvantageinthismarketifhigh-gradeChiaturaorecanbeobtained,itcouldbecomeanattractiveinput(asmanganousoxide)totheproducersofEMD.Hence,thisisacompetitivefieldwherethenaturalcharacteristicsoftheChiaturaore,combinedwiththeanalyticalcapabilitiesandexpertiseofMEC,couldbeadistinctasset.Ofcourse,therewillbeatrialperiodattheEMDproducers,buttothedegreethatMEC’smanganousoxideaddskeytechnicalorprocessingqualitiestotheEMDproducer,itisclearlypossibleforMECtocarveanicheinthismarket.Theupstreammarketforbatterieshasintegratedtoaverylargeextent.TheEMDproducersarefeelingthepressuretointegrate,buttodaythebattleisstillbeingfoughtlargelyonthetechnicalfrontwhichproducersuppliesthebest(ormostcosteffective)EMDfortheparticulartypeofbatterybeingproduced.Thisbattleisfarfromover,butisfraughtwithriskthatinafewyears,consolidationwillhitthisindustryaswell.TheChineseandIndianchemicalcompaniesareinvolvedintheEMDmarket,asareSamancorandErament/Comilog/Chemetals,suchthatthereissubstantialcompetitioninthismarket.PenetrationintheAgro-ChemicalIndustries

Theagro-chemicalindustriesaregenerallyrelativelyfractionatedatthesupplierlevel.Theactualfeedproducershaveconsolidatedconsiderably,suchthattheyareusuallylargefirmssuchasRalstonPurinaorCargill.Atthenexttieroftheindustry,thesefeedproducersdependonmyriadfeedpre-mixers.Also,boththefeedpre-mixersandtheir3.customers(thefeedproducers)purchasefrommanysuppliers.Inaddition,thelargefeedconglomeratesalsopurchasemicro-nutrientsfromspecialitymicro-nutrientsuppliers(PrinceChemical,MontereyChemical,Jefo,Inc.).

Ultimately,thesemicro-nutrientsuppliersandfeedpre-mixerspurchasefromanumberofsources,includingmanufacturers(suchasMEC),tradehousesthatsellnonameimportedgoods,andnutrientdistributorsthattendtosellproductsfromsmalleroutputfacilities,suchasMECandotherproducers.

Theagriculturalfertiliserandfeedmarketstypicallyarebrandedproducts,asaremanyofthepre-mixesthataresoldtothefertilisermanufacturers.Fertiliser,however,istypicallymilledlocally,suchthatspecialgradesareproducedtoservetheneedsofthesoilandthefarmersinthatarea.Asaresult,afertilizermillmaypurchaseadditionalmanganousoxide(andotherformsofmanganese,suchaschelatedmanganeseorMSM)forblendingintotheirfertiliserproducts.Also,fertilisermillsmayblendspecialfoliarspraysthatcontainmanganese,iron,andothermicro-nutrientstypicallyappliedintheregionalgrowingare.ThisisverycommonincitrusgrowingregionssuchasFlorida,USA.

Finally,thefertiliserorfeedadditivescanbethemselvessoldformixingandapplicationbythefarmersthemselves.WehavefoundagooddealoftheChineseandIndianMSMappearingontheshelvesofthefeedandfertilisermerchantsinEurope.IntheUSA,theTecmangamandMan-Growbrandswereestablishednearlyfiftyyearsago,suchthattheyholdthetopandmiddleofthemarkets.SomeChineseandIndianproductcompetes,buttherehavebeenanumberofsignificantandwellpublicisedincidentsrelatingtoforeignproductscoupledwiththexenophobiaofmostAmericanfarmers,theforeignproductdoesnottendtosellwellagainstthe“domestic”brands.27

Ofthe“bigfour”inthemanganesebusiness,onlyEramet/Comilog/Chemetalsappearstohavesignificantpresenceinthemanganeseagro-chemicalmarket.AlthoughthereisBrazilianproductbeingmanufactured,itissoldlocallyanddoesnotappeartofinditswayintootheragriculturalmarkets.Nevertheless,thebig-fouraswellasother

manganeseintermediatenutrientmanufacturersproductsfindtheirwayintothefertiliserplantsofEurope.ThetablebelowprovidesalistofthemajorEuropeanfertilisermanufacturerswiththeirplantsites:

Evidently,thereareconsiderabletargetsofopportunitytosellmanganesemicronutrientsinthefertiliserindustryofEurope,recognisingthatmanganesemicronutrientsareonlyrequiredundercertainsoilconditions.Thislist,however,mayformastartingpointforpenetrationintothefertiliserproductionmarketinEurope.Coupledwithagoodmapofthegeologicalandsoilofthevariousareas,itwouldbequiteeasytodeterminewhichplantsactuallymustneedtopurchasesignificantmanganeseadditionstocombatacidorpeatysoils.

Manganese-basedfungicidessuchasManebaresoldgenerallyundertradenames:

Maneb:(asManex,Manox,Maneb80),Mancozeb:(asDithane,Fore,Tridex,Manzate),Farmaneb,Manesan,Manex,Manzate,Nereb,Newspor,andThiram(asThiram,75WG,Tripomol)28

TheleadingmanufacturersofsomeformofManeb,eitherasasimpleformulationoras4.partofanotherproprietaryfungicideincludeallthelargestnamesofthechemicalindustry,includingNovartis,Monsanto,Zeneca,DuPont,AgrEvo,Bayer,Rhne-

Poulenc,DowAgroSciences,AmericanCyanamid,MitsubishiChemical,KVKAgroandBASF.Inaddition,therearemyriadmanufacturersspreadthroughouttheglobethat,

whilenotchemicalsuper-giants,manufacturesubstantialamountsandvarietiesofManebaswell.ThereisnotruedominantplayerintheManebmarketthetechnologytoproduceManebdatesfromthe1950’s,anditsuseissowidespreadastomakeitaproductproducedvirtuallyeverywhere.Asaresult,themarketformanganese

intermediariestoservetheManebmanufacturingmarketisquitediversifiedmanyofthelargechemicalgiantshavestreamsofmanganesesulphatesolutionfromotherindustrialprocessesthatsupplytheirneedsforManebmanufacture.Other,smaller

manufacturerssimplypurchasethemanganesesulphatethattheyrequireinsuitableform(liquidorMSM)tobeintroducedintotheirprocess.Ofcourse,manyofthelargerproducerssimplyhavecontractswiththeminingoligopolymemberstosupplythem

manganeseinaformthatisuseful.Thereareclearlyopportunities,however,especiallyinthesmallandspecialitychemicalplants,tosellmanganesesulphate,orpotentiallyroastedmanganeseoxide,tothehundredsofmanufacturingfacilitiesthatproduceManebbasedfungicides.

Fromthestandpointofsellingintothesechemicalfactories,MEC’smaindrawbackwillbeneitherqualitynorassayitwillsimplybethesmallquantitiesthattheycanoffer.Considerthemagnitudeofsellingtoanindustryofworld-widebreadthwhere6000

metrictonsisaverysmallamount,evenforasmallchemicalplant.ThismaybeamarketinwhichMECcanapproachintwoways:

Targetafew,smallchemicalplantsthatwouldconsiderapurchaseoftherelativelysmallquantitiesthatMEChastooffer,wheredistancetoMECcutsshippingcoststomaketheirproductveryprice-competitivewithlargersuppliers.Considersellingthroughdistributorsortradehousesthatservethechemicalindustries,wherethe

distributorscan“makebulk”forthechemicalplantsbyaggregatingMEC’sproductionwiththoseofother

28Othersynonymsinclude:ChlorobleM,DithaneM22,DithaneM-22Special,1,2-Ethanediylbiscarbamodithioic

acid,manganesecomplex,1,2-Ethanediylbiscarbamodithioicacid,manganese(2+)salt(1:1),1,2-Ethanediylbismaneb,manganese(2+)salt(l:l),Ethylenebis(dithiocarbamato),manganese,

Ethylenebis(dithiocarbamicacid),manganesesalt,1,2-Ethylenediylbis(carbamodithioato)manganese,Kypman80,Maneb80,Maneba,Manebe,ManebganManesan,Manganeseethylenebisdithiocarbamate,Manzate,ManzateD,PolyramM,Rhodianebe,Sopranebe,Sup’rFlo,Trimangol,VancideManeb80.

emergingmarketsproducerstoassembleaquantitysuitableforalargechemicalplant.Overall,theformerapproachhastheappealofyieldingamuchhigherpriceforthechemicalintermediarythanthelatterapproach.Sellingtodistributors,onewouldlikelyneedtomeettheChinese,Indianandotherchemicalby-productpricestobecompetitiveinthemarketplaceatthedistributorlevel.Ontheotherhand,theformerapproachwilltakeagooddealofmarketresearchandpersistencetoearnandkeepacontractofsupplywithalocalagro-chemicalplant.PenetrationinChemicalSegment

Theremainingchemicalsegmentsthatwewilldiscussarethesegmentsofbrickcolorantsandelectrolyticzincproduction.Ofthese,thebrickandceramiccolorantindustriesarebyfarthelarger,morelucrative,andeasiertopenetratecomparedtothe5.remainingsegments.

ElectrolyticZincProduction

Theproductionofelectrolyticzincisalargeindustrythatusesarelativelysmallamountofmanganesetoprecipitateferrichydroxideinthepre-solutionprocessingandasananodeprotectorduringelectrolyticseparationofthezinc.Thereareapproximately40differentcompaniesinvolvedintheproductionofelectrolyticzincworld-wide.Theirconsumptionofmanganesedioxide(eitherasoreorground)rangesfromafewtonsperyearforsmallplantsinAsiato200tonsperyearofmanganesedioxideorefromtheGrooteEylandtdeposittofeedthehugeBrokenHillSmeltersplantatPortPirie,SouthAustralia.Ingeneral,theseplantsarelocatednearzincdepositsmanyareunderthecontroloflargeminingconsortia,thoughnotgenerallythesameminingconsortiathatcontrolmanganese.BrickColorants

Brickcolorantsareprincipallygroundmanganesedioxideore.IntheUnitedStates,AmericanMinerals,FooteMinerals,DiamondShamrock(nowEramet/Comilog)andPriceIndustriesholdvirtually95%ofthemarketforbrickceramiccolorants.InEurope,SCRSibelcoQuarzwerkeGrouphasbecomethedominantforceingrindingmanganesefortheEuropeanbrickandtileindustry.Theyownsharesinatleastthreeofthemajortollgrinders(Holland),andhavepurchasedagrindingplantnearMarseillesgrinds

manganeseforuseintheFrenchtileandbrickindustries,whereastheirsubsidiary.OtherbrickcolorantgrindingisdonebytollgrindersinEuropefacilitiesthatsimplygrindoresuppliedbythebrick-makerstothespecificationtheclientdesires.C.Welsch,WesselGermanyisthelargesttollgrinder,whichgrindsmanganeseforthefacebrickindustry.BlockandShulteofHamburgalsotollgrindorefortheGermanfacebrickindustry.InSpain,thereappearstobeagrindingplantoperatingonatollandmerchantbasisMolineraAsturSAwhichgrindsmanganeseforthefacebrick,theEMDandnaturalbatteryoremarkets,aswellasforuseintheSpanishchemicalindustries.TheEnglishgrindingofbrickcolorantissplitbetweenafewfirmsthathavebecomepartsoflargeconglomeratesservingtheconstructionindustrytheGeorgeEdwardsplantat

Stoke-on-Trent,theCERamsdenCompany,andtheThomasHill-Jonescompany,nowpartofthecomplexthatownsthefamousLondonBrickworks.InAustralia,SouthAfrica,Japan,Indonesia,IndiaandChinathereareplantsthatgrindore,andvirtuallyeveryplantthatgrindsoresuppliessomemeasureofthebrickandtileindustrythroughtollgrindingorasafinishedproduct.Thissupplyoftenisaby-productofexcesscapacity,asmostofthetollandmultipurposegrindersdonotspecialiseincolorantsforbricks.IntheUSA,however,PrinceIndustriesspecializesheavilyinbrickcolorants,asdoesSCRSibelcoQuarzwerkeinEurope.

ProductPricingandValueChainEconomics

Thepriceofmanganeseproductsgenerallyvariesaccordingtothetypeofproduct,itsgradeoritsintendeduse.Thegraphbelow,derivedfromcustomsdeclarationsonUSimports,givesagoodfigure-of-meritestimateofthegoingprices(includingshipping)forthethreeprincipalproductsofMEC.Thevariationinthepricesappearstobeprincipallyduetogradeandthecontractterms,asvirtuallyalloftheproductisbroughtinundercontract:

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