高中英語中六大從句用法總結(jié)

英語中六大從句用法總結(jié)

1.主語從句

1）主語從句可直接位于主語的位置，如果從句較長，謂語又較短，可用it作形式主語，而將從句放在句末。常見的句型有：*Itisafact\\apity\\aquestion\\goodnewsthat...*Itseems\\appears\\happened\\hasturnedoutthat...*Itisclear\\important\\likely\\possiblethat...

*Itissaid\\reported\\estimated\\hasbeenprovedthat...

Itissaidthatcomicbookscreateaconnectionbetweenpeopleofthesamegeneration.Itseemsthattheperformanceisveryuseful.

2)what引導的主語從句表示“...的東西時”，一般不用it作形式主語。

Whatwelackisexperience.

3)what,who,when,why,whether等詞含有各自的疑問意義，但它們引導的主語從句，都用陳述語序。

Howtheplanistobecarriedoutshouldbediscussedagain.IdidknowwhyIfeltlikecrying.

2.賓語從句

1）賓語從句可位于及物動詞、介詞和某些形容詞后。連詞that常可省略。介詞后一般接疑問詞引導的賓語從句。inthat(因為),exceptthat(除了),butthat(只是）已構(gòu)成固定搭配，其他介詞后一般不接that引導的賓語從句。

*IpromisedthatIwouldchangethesituation.

*AllthisisdifferentfromwhatAmericanyoungpeoplewouldsayaboutfriendship.*Heiscertainthatwatchingsomuchtelevisionisnotgoodforchildren.*Thisarticleiswell-writtenexceptthatitisabittoolong.

2)賓語從句后如有賓補，要用形式賓語it來代替，而把賓語從句移至賓補之后。Hehasmadeitclearthathewouldnotchangehismind.

3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等動詞后的賓語從句中，如果謂語是否定的，一般將否定詞移至主句謂語上，賓語從句則變成肯定形式。Hedidn"tthinkthatthemoneywaswellspent.

3.表語從句

表語從句出現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+系動詞+表語從句”的句子中。表語從句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引導外，還可由because,asif(though)等引導。that�？墒÷�。如主句主語為reason,只能用that引導表語從句，不可用because.

PerhapsthemostimportantthingtorememberisthatthereisnoonecommontypeoflifeinAmerica.

Thereasonwhysomanypeoplediedthereisthattherewerenotenoughfoodsupplies.Itlooksasifsuccessfulinternationalculturalcommunicationwillmaketheworldsmaller.

4.同位語從句

同位語從句用于對前面出現(xiàn)的名詞作進一步說明，一般用連詞that引導，由于先行名詞的意義不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引導。常見的先行名詞有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有時由于謂語較短，將同位語從句位于謂語之后。

Shefinallymadethedecisionthatshewouldjointhefashionshow.

IhadnoideahowmanybooksIcouldborrowatatime.

Thenewscamethattheirteamhadwonthechampionship.

5.定語從句

定語從句所修飾的先行詞可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是一個句子。定語從句通常位于先行詞之后，由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導。

*限制性定語從句

限制性定語從句修飾先行詞，對先行詞起修飾作用，緊接先行詞之后，無逗號，若省去，原句意思不完整。引導定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有時也可指物，相當于ofwhich；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定語從句中。關(guān)系代詞除了引導定語從句，替代先行詞外，還在從句中擔任主語、賓語、定語等。

ThecomputersandcableswhichmakeuptheInternetareownedbypeopleandorganizations.

Thosewholivealoneorwhoaresickmayhavetroubleingettingclosetootherpeople.

Thegirlwhoseparentsdiedinanaccidentislivingwithhergrandmother.

1)當先行詞是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代詞或先行詞前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容詞最高級修飾時，只能用關(guān)系代詞that引導從句。ThatisallthatI"veheardfromhim.

He"sthefirstpersonthatI"mgoingtointerviewthisafternoon.

2)關(guān)系代詞的省略

在從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞�？墒÷�。關(guān)系代詞緊跟介詞，作介詞賓語時不可用that，只可用which或whom引導從句，并且不可省略，但當介詞位于賓語從句句末時，作為介詞賓語的關(guān)系代詞仍可用that，也可省略。

Thisisoneofthosethingswithwhichwehavetoputup.

Thisisoneofthosethings(which\\that)wehavetoputupwith.

3)引導定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why等。關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語，意義上相當于一個“介詞+which”的結(jié)構(gòu)。

Evenincomicbookswhere(=inwhich)therearenowords,thestoriesarefullyexpressedthroughthedrawings.

Nooneknowsthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewassoangrythatday.

5.定語從句*非限制性定語從句

非限制性定語從句既可修飾先行詞，也可修飾整個主句，起補充說明作用，與主句之間有逗號隔開，若省去，原句意思不受影響。不可用that引導非限制性定語從句。關(guān)系詞不可省略。

Everyobjecthasagravitationalpull,whichisratherlikemagnetism.

*“介詞+which\\whom\\whose”引導的定語從句

“介詞+which\\whom\\whose”可引導限制性定語從句，也可引導非限制性定語從句，該結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選擇取決于從句謂語動詞的固定搭配，或先行詞的習慣搭配。

Thisisthecomputeronwhichhespentallhissavings

Itiswrittenbyapersonwithwhomweareallfamiliar.

*as引導的定語從句

as引導的定語從句主要用于“such...as”及“thesame...as”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。as引導非限制性定語從句時，代替整個主句，從句可位于主句之前、之后或中間。

Thesearenotsuchproblemsascanbeeasilysolved.(as代替先行詞problems)

Asismentionedabove,nosinglecompanyorgroupcancontrolwhathappensontheInternet.(as代替主語)

6.狀語從句

*時間狀語從句

引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞和詞組有：

1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。Wehavelearntquitealotaboutitsincewecamehere.2)assoonas,hardly(scarcely)...when,nomoment,immediately(that)等。

sooner...than,each(every)

time,the

AssoonasIsentane-mailmessage,Ireceivedpositiveresponses.Themomentheheardthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.

*地點狀語從句引導地點狀語從句的連詞是where,wherever.

Wherevershewent,shetookherlittledaughterwithher.

*原因、結(jié)果和目的狀語從句

1）引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有：because,as,since,now(that),seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat等。

Consideringthatheisafreshman,wemustsayheisdoingwell.2)引導結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：so...that,such...that,sothat,that,so等。

MickeyMouseissoattractivethatthechildrenarereluctanttoleave.

3)引導目的狀語從句的連詞有：sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,lest等，從句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情態(tài)動詞。

Wegotupearlythismorningsothatwecouldcatchthefirstbustotherailwaystation.

*條件和讓步狀語從句

1）引導條件狀語從句的連詞和詞組有if,unless,as(so)longas,onconditionthat,incase,provided(providing)that,supposing等。

Aslongasyouhavetherightequipment,youcanuseatelephonelinetotransmitcomputerdata.2)引導讓步狀語從句的連詞和詞組有though,although,whether,eventhough,evenif,nomatterwhat(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however....)等。though,evenif等引導狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)換成含有as的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，具有強調(diào)意義。其結(jié)構(gòu)為“形容詞（副詞、動詞、名詞）+as+主語+謂語”。

Nomatterwhatyoumaysay,Iwouldnotchangemymind.

Youngasheis,heisquiteexperiencedinthiswork.(=thoughheisyoung)Childasheis,hecanspeakEnglishfluently.(=thoughheisachild)

*方式狀語從句

引導方式狀語從句的連詞有as,justas,asif,asthough等。asif,asthough引導的狀語從句中，謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反。

Theyoungmanmadetheexperimentjustastheteacherhadtaughthim.Everythingwentonasusualasifnothinghadhappened.

擴展閱讀：英語中六大從句用法總結(jié)

英語中六大從句用法總結(jié)1.主語從句

1）主語從句可直接位于主語的位置，如果從句較長，謂語又較短，可用it作形式主語，而將從句放在句末。常見的句型有：*Itisafact\\apity\\aquestion\\goodnewsthat...*Itseems\\appears\\happened\\hasturnedoutthat...*Itisclear\\important\\likely\\possiblethat...

*Itissaid\\reported\\estimated\\hasbeenprovedthat...

Itissaidthatcomicbookscreateaconnectionbetweenpeopleofthesamegeneration.

Itseemsthattheperformanceisveryuseful.

2)what引導的主語從句表示“...的東西時”，一般不用it作形式主語。Whatwelackisexperience.

3)what,who,when,why,whether等詞含有各自的疑問意義，但它們引導的主語從句，都用陳述語序。

Howtheplanistobecarriedoutshouldbediscussedagain.IdidknowwhyIfeltlikecrying.

2.賓語從句1）賓語從句可位于及物動詞、介詞和某些形容詞后。連詞that常可省略。介詞后一般接疑問詞引導的賓語從句。inthat(因為),exceptthat(除了),butthat(只是）已構(gòu)成固定搭配，其他介詞后一般不接that引導的賓語從句。

*IpromisedthatIwouldchangethesituation.

*AllthisisdifferentfromwhatAmericanyoungpeoplewouldsayaboutfriendship.

*Heiscertainthatwatchingsomuchtelevisionisnotgoodforchildren.

*Thisarticleiswell-writtenexceptthatitisabittoolong.

2)賓語從句后如有賓補，要用形式賓語it來代替，而把賓語從句移至賓補之后。

Hehasmadeitclearthathewouldnotchangehismind.

3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等動詞后的賓語從句中，如果謂語是否定的，一般將否定詞移至主句謂語上，賓語從句則變成肯定形式。Hedidn"tthinkthatthemoneywaswellspent.3.表語從句

表語從句出現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+系動詞+表語從句”的句子中。表語從句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引導外，還可由because,asif(though)等引導。that�？墒÷�。如主句主語為reason,只能用that引導表語從句，不可用because.

PerhapsthemostimportantthingtorememberisthatthereisnoonecommontypeoflifeinAmerica.

Thereasonwhysomanypeoplediedthereisthattherewerenotenoughfoodsupplies.

Itlooksasifsuccessfulinternationalculturalcommunicationwillmaketheworldsmaller.

4.同位語從句

同位語從句用于對前面出現(xiàn)的名詞作進一步說明，一般用連詞that引導，由于先行名詞的意義不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引導。常見的先行名詞有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有時由于謂語較短，將同位語從句位于謂語之后。

Shefinallymadethedecisionthatshewouldjointhefashionshow.IhadnoideahowmanybooksIcouldborrowatatime.

Thenewscamethattheirteamhadwonthechampionship.

5.定語從句

定語從句所修飾的先行詞可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是一個句子。定語從句通常位于先行詞之后，由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導。

*限制性定語從句

限制性定語從句修飾先行詞，對先行詞起修飾作用，緊接先行詞之后，無逗號，若省去，原句意思不完整。引導定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有時也可指物，相當于ofwhich；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定語從句中。關(guān)系代詞除了引導定語從句，替代先行詞外，還在從句中擔任主語、賓語、定語等。ThecomputersandcableswhichmakeuptheInternetareownedbypeopleandorganizations.nbsp;

Thosewholivealoneorwhoaresickmayhavetroubleingettingclosetootherpeople.

Thegirlwhoseparentsdiedinanaccidentislivingwithhergrandmother.

1)當先行詞是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代詞或先行詞前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容詞最高級修飾時，只能用關(guān)系代詞that引導從句。

ThatisallthatI"veheardfromhim.

He"sthefirstpersonthatI"mgoingtointerviewthisafternoon.2)關(guān)系代詞的省略

在從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞�？墒÷�。關(guān)系代詞緊跟介詞，作介詞賓語時不可用that，只可用which或whom引導從句，并且不可省略，但當介詞位于賓語從句句末時，作為介詞賓語的關(guān)系代詞仍可用that，也可省略。

Thisisoneofthosethingswithwhichwehavetoputup.Thisisoneofthosethings(which\\that)wehavetoputupwith.3)引導定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why等。關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語，意義上相當于一個“介詞+which”的結(jié)構(gòu)。

Evenincomicbookswhere(=inwhich)therearenowords,thestoriesarefullyexpressedthroughthedrawings.

Nooneknowsthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewassoangrythatday.5.定語從句

*非限制性定語從句

非限制性定語從句既可修飾先行詞，也可修飾整個主句，起補充說明作用，與主句之間有逗號隔開，若省去，原句意思不受影響。不可用that引導非限制性定語從句。關(guān)系詞不可省略。

Everyobjecthasagravitationalpull,whichisratherlikemagnetism.*“介詞+which\\whom\\whose”引導的定語從句

“介詞+which\\whom\\whose”可引導限制性定語從句，也可引導非限制性定語從句，該結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選擇取決于從句謂語動詞的固定搭配，或先行詞的習慣搭配。

ThisisthecomputeronwhichhespentallhissavingsItiswrittenbyapersonwithwhomweareallfamiliar.

*as引導的定語從句

as引導的定語從句主要用于“such...as”及“thesame...as”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。as引導非限制性定語從句時，代替整個主句，從句可位于主句之前、之后或中間。

Thesearenotsuchproblemsascanbeeasilysolved.(as代替先行詞problems)

Asismentionedabove,nosinglecompanyorgroupcancontrolwhathappensontheInternet.(as代替主語)

6.狀語從句

*時間狀語從句

引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞和詞組有：

1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。Wehavelearntquitealotaboutitsincewecamehere.

2)assoonas,hardly(scarcely)...when,nosooner...than,each(every)time,themoment,immediately(that)等。

AssoonasIsentane-mailmessage,Ireceivedpositiveresponses.Themomentheheardthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.*地點狀語從句

引導地點狀語從句的連詞是where,wherever.

Wherevershewent,shetookherlittledaughterwithher.

*原因、結(jié)果和目的狀語從句

1）引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有：because,as,since,now(that),seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat等。

Consideringthatheisafreshman,wemustsayheisdoingwell.2)引導結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：so...that,such...that,sothat,that,so等。

MickeyMouseissoattractivethatthechildrenarereluctanttoleave.

3)引導目的狀語從句的連詞有：sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,lest等，從句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情態(tài)動詞。

Wegotupearlythismorningsothatwecouldcatchthefirstbustotherailwaystation.

*條件和讓步狀語從句

1）引導條件狀語從句的連詞和詞組有if,unless,as(so)longas,onconditionthat,incase,provided(providing)that,supposing等。

Aslongasyouhavetherightequipment,youcanuseatelephonelinetotransmitcomputerdata.

2)引導讓步狀語從句的連詞和詞組有though,although,whether,eventhough,evenif,nomatterwhat(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however....)等。though,evenif等引導狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)換成含有as的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，具有強調(diào)意義。其結(jié)構(gòu)為“形容詞（副詞、動詞、名詞）+as+主語+謂語”。

Nomatterwhatyoumaysay,Iwouldnotchangemymind.

Youngasheis,heisquiteexperiencedinthiswork.(=thoughheisyoung)

Childasheis,hecanspeakEnglishfluently.(=thoughheisachild)*方式狀語從句

引導方式狀語從句的連詞有as,justas,asif,asthough等。asif,asthough引導的狀語從句中，謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反。Theyoungmanmadetheexperimentjustastheteacherhadtaughthim.

Everythingwentonasusualasifnothinghadhappened.

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