八下英語單元知識點總結

第一單元知識總結

robot,everything,paper,use,less,fewer,fly,space,fall,alone,dress,which,myself,重點單詞interview,future,thought,unpleasant,scientist,hundred,already,huge,simple,human,possible,possible,pollution,tree,building,even,predict,sound,however,bored,everywhereoncomputers,inthefuture,onaspacestation,fallinlovewith,goskating,beableto,theWorldCup,cometrue,hundredsof,lookfor,thesameas,getbored,helpwith1.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?2.I’llbeabletodressmorecasually.3.Japanesecompanieshavealreadymaderobotswalkanddance.4.Afteranearthquakeasnakerobotcouldhelplookforpeopleunderbuildings.5.---Willtherebelesspollution?---No,therewon’t.重點短語重點句型語法1.2.3.4.will構成的一般將來時態(tài)的陳述句，否定句，疑問句及肯定和否定回答。Therebe句型的一般將來時。more,fewer,less的用法。復習一般過去時，一般現(xiàn)在時。

第2單元知識總結

重點單詞play,loudargue,wrong,could,ticket,surprise,either,except,fail,football,until,compare,crazy,themselves,adult,upset,include,send,complain,fitkeepout,outofstyle,what’swrong,leaveout,geton,askfor,thesameas,arguewithsb,asmuchaspossible,beangrywith…,haveafightwith…,givesbsomeadvice,callsbup,findout,everyoneelse,complainabout,tellsbtodosth.1.WhatshouldIdo?Youcouldwritehimaletter.2.Whatshouldshedo?Maybeshecouldsayshe’ssorry.重點短語重點句型3.Myclothesareoutofstyle.Maybeyoushouldbuysomenewclothes.4.Whydon’tyou…?That’sagoodidea/anokayidea.5.Maybeyoushouldcallhimup.語法

1.情態(tài)動詞could,should的用法2.運用Whydon’tyou…?及Whynot…?句式提出建議。第3單元知識總結

重點單詞重點短語UFO，bathroom,kitchen,alien,barber,strange,surprised,scared,climb,jumping,experience,shout,accident,happen,modern,murder,playground,bright,silence,heroamazing,kidgetout,takeoff,jumpdown,runaway,takeplace,as…as…,infrontof,cuthair,hearabout,insilence,atthedoctor’s1.TheboywaswalkingdownthestreetwhentheUFOarrived.2.Whiletheboywaswalkingdownthestreet,theUFOlanded.3.---WherewereyouwhentheUFOarrived?重點句型---Iwasinfrontofthelibrary.4.Ifollowedittoseewhereitwasgoing,AndIwasverysurprisedwhenitwentintoasouvenirshop.5.Notalleventsinhistoryareasterribleasthis.語法1.whenhewhile引導的時間狀語從句2.過去進行時的陳述句和一般疑問句。3.動詞的一般過去時態(tài)和它的過去式。

第4單元知識總結

重點單詞重點短語message,suppose,nervous,true,lucky,thin,decision,.,college,start,influence,hometown,danger,disappointing,graduate,fortunately,volunteer,mad,over,copyfirstofall,passon,besupposedtodosth,beingoodhealth,dobetterin,getnervous,hard-working,bemadat,haveahardtimewith,getover,camefor1.HesaidIwashard-working.2.ShesaidshewasmadatMarcia.重點句型3.Hetoldmehewouldhaveapartytomorrow.4.It’snotrightforyoutocopyother’shomework.5.InEnglishI’mbetteratreadingthanlistening.語法

1.間接引語，轉述別人的話。2.動詞一般過去時態(tài)。3.情態(tài)動詞can的用法。第5單元知識總結

重點單詞重點短語organize,flower,professional,against,chance,tonight,window,consequence,explain,improve,following,fat,fast,jeans,lawyer,tonighttakeaway,makealiving,allthetime,inorderto,lookupto,beableto,haveagreattime,let…in,aroundtheworld,toomuch1.IthinkI’llridemybike.Ifyoudo,you’llbelate.2.IthinkI’mgoingtostayathome.Ifyoudomyou’llbesorry.重點句型3.Whatwillhappeniftheyhavethepartytoday？4.Ifwehaveittoday,halftheclasswon’tcome.5.Infact,manyfamouspeoplecomplainthattheyarenothappy.語法

1.if引導的條件狀語從句2.現(xiàn)在進行時表示一般將來時，如becoming,beleaving等第6單元知識總結

重點單詞重點短語collect,shell,marathon,skate,since,raise,several,stamp,anyone,store,particularly,collector,common,extra,coin,capital,European,thousand,foreigner,quite,certainbeinterestedin,morethanbytheway,threeandahalfyears,doone’sbest,gotogether,runoutofraisemoney,thewholefivehours,infact,faraway1.---Howlonghaveyoubeenskating?---Ihavebeensatingsincenineo’clock.2.---Whendidyoustartskating?---Istartskatingasnineo’clock.3.StudentsarestartingskatingattheHilltopSchool.4.Thanksforsendingmethesnowglobeofthemonster.重點句型語法

現(xiàn)在完成進行時：have(has)+been+v.-ing第7單元知識總結

mind,yard,dish,task,poster,waitress,brought,clothing,solution,annoy,polite,perhaps,重點單詞return,voice,etiquette,behavior,uncomfortable,impolite.allow,public,break,smoke,cigarette,litter,normal,politelyturndown,rightaway,cutinline,keep…down,putout,pick…up,evenif,inpublic1.---Wouldyoumindmobbingyourbike?---Sorry.Iwilldoitrightaway.2.Igetannoyedwhenpeoplecutinline.3.Youmustbeexcitedtobeinanewhouse.Wouldyoumind+v.-ing….?重點短語重點句型語法表示請求及回答Couldyouplease+…?

第8單元知識總結

重點單詞重點短語suggestion,personal,scarf,special,receive,guy,mouse,child,pig,advantage,clean,choose,rather,instead,interested,encouragethinkof,shopfor,whattoget,Whatabout…?interestingenough,easytotakecareof,too…to…,payfor,ratherthan1.WhatshouldIgetmysister?2.Whatabout(Howabout)awatch?3.Later,thesamegiftmaybegivenawaytosomeoneelse.4.IntheUSA,somepeopleasktheirfamiliesandfriendstogivemoneytocharityratherthanbuythemgifts.5.HaveyoueverheardoftheBeijingSpeaksEnglishprogram?重點句型語法1.情態(tài)副詞should的應用2.How/Whatabout…？句式的運用3.現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)第9單元知識總結

amusement,neither,Disneyland,character,theme,attraction,rollercoaster,cruise,board,重點單詞route,especially,travel,attendant,discover,requirement,guide,foreign,southeast,wonderful,quarter,population,fear,dumping,excellent,Indian,bravenatural,temperaturehaveagreattime,goskating,hearof,one…theother,ofcourse,forexample,allthetime,重點短語takearide,endup,morethan,arguewith,exchangestudent,haveto,thinkabout,ratherthan,takeaholiday,threequarters,allyearround1.Lindahasbeentotheaquarium.2.Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark?重點句型3.I’veneverbeentoanaquarium.4.HowlonghaveyoubeenstudyingEnglish?5.ItwasbecauseIcouldspeakEnglishthatIgotthejob.1.程度副詞ever,never的用法語法2.不定代詞neither,so的用法3.begoingto的用法4.現(xiàn)在完成時的用法

第10單元知識總結

重點單詞重點短語noon,sandy,goodbye,bookstore,cross,elevator,slow,fan,note,baby,traffic,leastlookthough,comealong,getalong,atleast1.Doyousometimestalkwithpeopleyoudon’tknow?2.Twopeoplelookingthroughbooksinabookstore.重點句型3.Theirpricesarereallylow,aren’tthey?4.Thelineisslow,isn’tit?5.Iwashavingahardtimefindingituntilyoucamealong.語法

反意疑問句

擴展閱讀：201*春季新版八年級下冊英語第一至三單元知識點小結

201*春季新版八年級下冊英語第一至三單元知識點小結

Unit1What’sthematter?

一、基礎知識

1.What’sthematter?怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/"mt(r))/n.問題；事情What’sthematterwithyou?=What’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了？

【注】：matter和trouble為名詞，其前可加the或形容詞性物主代詞，wrong是adj.不能加the【用法】用于詢問某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻煩、問題其后跟詢問對象時，與介詞with連用。即：

What’sthematterwithsb.?=What’syourtrouble?=What’sup?=Whathappenstosb.?What’sthematterwithyou?Ihaveabadcold.2.Ihadacold.我感冒了。

haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒haveafever發(fā)燒haveacough咳嗽

haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache頭疼3.身體部位+ache（疼痛）構成新的復合詞

stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛

4.muchtoo+形容詞，意為太......，toomuch+名詞，意為很多，大量。5.enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。goodenough足夠好，enoughmoney=muchmoney

6.liedown躺下，lie躺，躺著，過去式lay；lie說謊，過去式lied

7.maybe“或許”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybeyouareright.

maybe，是情態(tài)動詞+be的結構，意為“可能，也許”，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。Hemaybeangry.8.soundlike+名詞代詞和從句：Itsoundslikeyoudon’tknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.

sound+形容詞，“聽起來，好像”，Themusicsoundsnice.9.need需要，實義動詞need+名詞，需要某物；

needtodosth.需要做某事，主語通常是人，表示人主動的動作：Youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.

needdoingsth.主語通常是物，表示被動的動作：Yourdirtyclothesneedwashing.10.getoff(thebus)下（公交車）geton上車11.agree同意，贊同；

agreewithsth.同意某事如：Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.同意某人的意見如：IagreetoLiLei.

12.trouble問題，麻煩；beintrouble遇到麻煩，maketrouble制造麻煩，havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth做......有麻煩。13.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意為馬上。

14.【復習】advice[不可數(shù)名詞]勸告，建議，向…征求意見，givesb.adviceonsth.就某事給某人建議；advise[動詞]advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事advisesb.doingsth.15.【復習】exercise練習、鍛煉

當exercise意為“練習”時，為可數(shù)名詞即可加s當exercise意為“鍛煉”時，為不可數(shù)名詞即不加s16.hurt及物動詞，使……疼痛，……受傷，Hehurthislegwhileexercising.不及物動詞，……（部位）疼。Hisleghurtbadly.

17.clean【動詞】打掃，cleantheclassroom打掃教室，【形容詞】干凈的，cleaner意為清潔工。

18.hit（用手或器具）打；擊打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.

hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on用在所打較硬的部位；hitsb.intheface/eye/stomach打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打較軟的部位。19.beusedtosth./doingsth.習慣于、適應了……、做某事，強調狀態(tài)；Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.

Maryisnotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.

get/becomeusedtosth./doingsth.“變得習慣，逐漸適應……”強調過程、動作：It’sdifficultforonetogetusedtoanothercountry’shabit.

20.【復習】free[形容詞]空閑的freetime；免費的thedrinkisforfree；自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.

free【動詞】使……解脫，得到自由：Hecouldnotfreehisarm.

21.runout用完，用盡

Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.runout.某物用盡了。

人sb.runoutofsth.人用盡了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.22.risk(sb.)todosth.冒險去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒險23.theimportanceof(doing)sth.（做）某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.

importancen.重要（性），importantadj.重要的，unimportantadj.不重要的24.decision【名詞】決定；抉擇；makeadecision做決定;makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.。

25.beinthecontrolof…掌管，管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol無法控制，無法管理beundercontrol被控制住，在控制之中

26.【復習】mind意為介意，minddoingsth.介意做某事,Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?

27.giveup(doing)sth.放棄（做）某事，giveup(playing)computergames；giveup后可接名詞、代詞和動詞ing形式，也可不接，如:Nevergiveupeasily.

二、重點語法

【反身代詞】英語中共有八個反身代詞，在使用時應注意和它所指的相應的對象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。

數(shù)人稱單數(shù)復數(shù)【用法】

1.可用作賓語，指的是賓語和主語表示同一個或同一些的人或事物。

如：Mariaboughtherselfascarf.Wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.2.可用作表語，指的是表語和主語表示同一個或同一些人或事物。如：Sheisn’tquiteherselftoday.

3.可用作主語或賓語的同位語，常用來加強語氣。

如：SheherselfwillflytoLondontomorrow.Imetthewriterhimselflastweek.4.用在某些固定短語當中。

如：lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顧自己

teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自學

第一人稱myselfourselves第二人稱yourselfyourselves第三人稱himselfherselfitselfthemselves

enjoyoneself玩得高興，過得愉快

helponeselftosth請自用……（隨便吃/喝些……）.hurtoneself摔傷自己saytooneself自言自語

leavesb.byoneself把某人單獨留下buyoneselfsth.給自己買……東西introduceoneself介紹……自己

【提醒】

1.反身代詞不能單獨做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強調作用。如：我自己能完成作業(yè)。（誤）Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.(正)Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.

2.反身代詞表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的東西”，因為它沒有所有格的形式。表達“某人自己的（東西）”時，須要用one’sown.

如：我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。（誤）I’mdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.(正)I’mdrawingwithmyowncrayons.

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks

一、基本知識點

1.sick生病的，有病的；可在句中作表語Marycouldnotcomebecausesheissick.也可作定語asickchild

【區(qū)別ill】ill與sick同義；但是只在句中做表語，不做定語。Marycouldnotcomebecausesheisill.2.cheer(sb.)up（讓某人）變得高興；振奮起來Thegoodnewscheeredupeveryoneinourclass.3.giveout分發(fā)；散發(fā)，相當于handout，Theteacherisgivingout/handingoutthetestpapers.givesth.outtosb.意為把某物分發(fā)給某人。

4.volunteer【名詞】志愿者【動詞】義務做，自愿做（某事）volunteertodosth.自愿做某事，Thegirlscouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogram.

5.usedtodosth.過去/曾經(常)做某事，表示過去的習慣、動作或狀態(tài)，并強調現(xiàn)在已經不再存在或發(fā)生。

Thereusedtobeacinemahere.這里曾有一個照相機。

Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.他們告訴我關于這里過去的故事。6.alone【形容詞】獨自一人的，無感情色彩：Themusicianenjoyedlivingaloneandwritingsongshimself.

lonely（感到）孤獨寂寞的，帶有很強的感情色彩，可做表語或定語。Thelonelyboyisnotlonelynow.7.careforsb./sth.照顧；照料……

care【名詞】小心，關心takecareof=lookafter→【動詞】careaboutsb./sth.關心，在意某人/事

→【形容詞】careful仔細的/careless粗心的→【副詞】carefully仔細地8.such“這樣的，這種，如此”，用于修飾名詞

such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞：suchagoodday多么美好的一天/suchanexcitingmatch多么精彩的比賽such+形容詞+復數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞：suchimportantdecisions多么重要的建議suchdeliciousfood多么美味的食物

如果名詞前被many,much,few,little修飾時，只能用so，而不用such：somanysickchildren/solittletime9.tryoutfor…參加…選拔，爭取成為…ThirtyfootballplayerstriedoutfortheBestPlayeroftheyear.tryout試用，試驗

10.journey【名詞】（尤指長途）旅行，行程；trip【名詞】多指短途旅行；

travel【名詞、動詞】travelaroundtheworld→【名詞】traveler旅行者

11.【復習】bebusywithsth.忙于（做）什么事情bebusydoingsth.忙于（做）什么事情12.【復習】trydoingsth.試著去做某事trytodosth.盡力去做某事tryone’sbest(todosth.)盡某人最大的努力去做某事13.【復習】beworriedaboutsb./sth.=worryaboutsb./sth.擔心某人、某事14.raisemoney集資，籌錢；raisemoneyfor…為……籌錢raise【動詞】舉起；提高；募集

15.keep【動詞】keep+名詞，保留（某物）；keep+形容詞，保持

16.【形容詞】broken破損的，出毛病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聾的；disabled有殘疾的，喪失能力的；在句中做定語和表語。

17.makeitpossible(forsb.)todosth.使（某人）做某事成為可能，YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.

makeit+形容詞(+forsb.)todosth.使（某人）做某事成為…；

think/findit+形容詞todosth.18.makeadifferenceto…對……有影響；對……有作用，difference前可以用no,any,some,much等修飾，如

Therainmadenodifferencetothegame.Hard-workingmakesmuchdifferencetostudy.

19.difficulty【可數(shù)/不可數(shù)】表示抽象意義的“困難”時為不可數(shù)；表示具體的“難題、難事”時為可數(shù)；

havedifficulty(in)doingsth.=havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難

20.train【動詞】訓練，trained為過去分詞，可做定語，意為“受過訓練的”atraineddog21.beexcitedaboutsth.對某事感到興奮，Everyoneisexcitedaboutthegoodnews.【復習】excited意為興奮的，修飾人；exciting意為令人興奮/激動的，修飾物。22.order【名詞】命令，指示；順序，次序【動詞】訂購；點（菜）followtheorder。

23.change【動詞】變化，改變It’shardforapersontochangehislife(style).【名詞】變化；零錢changeAforB用A換成B：WhenyoutravelinChina,remembertochangeUSdollarsforRMB.24.repair【動詞】修理，修補；fix【動詞】安裝；使固定【fixup修理=repair】

Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?

1.Peter,couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？Couldyoupleasedosth?請你（做）......好嗎？

用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。Could不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法�；卮鹩胏an.【常用答語】肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry,Ican’t2、takeout取出（v+adv）【注】:跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間；

跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊

Histeethhurtbadly.Thedentisttakethemout.

【短語】takeoutthetrash倒垃圾takeawalk散步takeaway拿走，取走takeback收回takeplace發(fā)生takeoff脫下；起飛3.Canyoudothedishes.？那你可以洗盤子嗎？dothedishes洗碗

【結構1】dothe+名詞：dothedishes/laundry洗餐具/衣服【結構2】dothe+動詞-ingdothecleaning打掃衛(wèi)生

【結構3】doone’s+名詞doone’shousework/homework做家務/家庭作業(yè)【結構4】dosome+動詞-ingdosomereading/shopping讀寫書/購物4、CouldIatleastfinishwatchingthisshow?至少讓我看完這個節(jié)目可以嗎？1】CouldIdoasth?我可以做......嗎？用于表達請求，語氣比較委婉。

CouldIgooutwithmyclassmatethisweekend?

2】atleast至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。(反)atmost至少，不超過Nowallofusexerciseatleastanhouradayandoutsideschool.3】finishv結束；完成finishdoingsth做完某事Canyoufinish__reading__thesebooksbefore10o"clock?Yes,Ican.

5、IthinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!我覺得你看兩個小時的電視已經足夠了。1】twohoursofTV表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Howtimeisflies!Threeyears__is_____(be)reallyashorttime.

作形容

足夠的，充分的（在句中作定語或表語）【解析2】enoughIdon’thaveenoughmoneywithme.作副

足夠；充分（放在形容詞；副詞后）

Theriverisdeepenoughforswimming.【記】Mr.Smithhasenoughmoney,butheisn’tkindenoughtohelpothers.

【注意】enough修飾名詞時，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時，置于形容詞之后。6、Couldyoutakeouttherubbish,foldtheclothesanddothedishes?你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎？【解析】takeout拿出；取出

take的用法：

拿；取

Pleasetakesomebookstotheclassroom.吃；喝；服用Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.take

乘（車；船等）Theyusuallytakethebustowork.花費（時間；金錢）Ittakesmetwohourstodomyhomeworkeveryday.【拓展】take構成的短語：

takeawalk去散步takearest休息takecareof照顧takeoff脫下；起飛takeup占據(jù)takedown拿下takeone’stime不急；慢慢來takeone’stemperature量體溫

7.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.我剛坐在電視機前面，我媽媽就過來了。【解析1】theminute=assoonas“一......就......”Pleasewritetometheminuteyougetthere.

【解析2】infrontof指在物體外部的前面infrontofThereisabikeinfrontoftheclassroom.【辨析】

inthefrontof指在物體內部的前面

Ourteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom【記】Thedriversat_____inthefrontof___________thecar.

Thepolicemanstood___infrontof________thecar.【注意】有the無the區(qū)別大：attable吃飯；進餐atthetabel在桌邊inhospital住院

inthehospital在醫(yī)院（不一定看�。�【解析3】comeover過來【拓展】come短語：

comeacross（偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn)comeback回來comeupwith想出cometrue實現(xiàn)comedown下來comefrom=befrom來自,出生于comein/into進入,進來comeon趕快,加油comealong走吧,過來,快點

comeandgo來來去去comeup上來comeout出來，(花)開，(照片)沖洗出來7.YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!你總是看電視，從不幫忙做家務！allthetime=always一直；總是8.I’mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一樣累！【解析】as...as...和......一樣......

9.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一周的時間，她不做任何家務，我也不做。

【解析】neither+助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語“某人（主語）也不”⑴neither兩者都不neither…nor…既不…也不…,

連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞由后一個主語確定NeitherTomnorJimisastudent⑵表達“…也不……”則用“Neither/Nor+be/V助/V情+主”Thefirstonewasn’tbad.Neitherwasthesecond.

10.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.第二天，媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔�！窘馕觥縡ind+賓語+賓語補足語【注】find→found→foundv尋找(1)findsb.doingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事(2)findit+adj.+todosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很……◆finditdifficult/hardtodosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難Shefound_it__hardtofinishtheworkbyherself.11.Sheaskedinsurprise.她吃驚地問道�！窘馕觥縤nsurprise驚奇地；吃驚地

surprisev使吃驚→surprisingadj.令人吃驚的→surprisedadj.吃驚的toone’ssurprise使某人吃驚的是insurprise吃驚地besurprisedat對……感到吃驚

Tomysurprise_(使我吃驚的是），hegotthefirstprizeintheexam.

12.“I’mdosorry,Mom.Ifinishunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehome.”Ireplied.

“對不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔家務。”我回答說�！窘馕�1】needv需要用于肯定句，是實義動詞。

(1)人做主語，sb.needtodosth某人需要做某事(2)物做主語，sthneeddoingsth=sthneedtobedone①Studentsneed___tohave_______(have)agoodrestinstudying.②Thewatchneeds__mending___(mend).用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動詞(1)needn’t=don’thaveto沒有必要

(2)need,must引導的一般疑問句，肯定會的用must,否定回答用needn’tMustIgotherenow?

Yes，youmust/No,youneedn’t【解析2】share分享；共用sharesth分享或共用某物sharesthwithsb.與某人分享某物(Allhisfriends__Shared___hishappinesswhenhewonthematch.13.CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎？【解析】hangout閑逛hangup把......懸掛/掛起14.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎？【解析】pass⑴v給；遞；走過；通過passsb.sth把某物遞給某人Passon傳遞Pleasepassthepaperontotheotherstudents.⑵v通過；路過Ipassyourhome.

⑶v通過（考試）；及格Tomcanpasshismathexam.15.CouldIborrowthatbook?我能借下你那本書看嗎、Couldyoulendmesomemoney?你能借我一些錢嗎？【解析】borrow/lend/keep

(1)borrow借入,與from連用，尤指主語“【借進來”】

borrowsthfromsb.從某人那里借某物Youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.(2)lend借出,與to搭配【指借出去】

lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把某物借給某人Hedoesn’twanttolendhisbooktoothers.(3)keep保留，保存（延續(xù)動詞，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用）【指借一段時間】【記】Iwantto__borrow__abikefrommyfriendbuthedidn’t_lend___ittome,becauseTomhad_kept____itfortwodays.16.IcutmyfingerandI’mtryingnottogetitwet.我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕。

【解析】try(not)todosth努力（不）做某事。tryv試圖，設法，努力【拓展】(1)tryon試穿(2)trytodosth努力做某事【側重盡力做】(3)trydoingsth試圖做某事【側重嘗試做】

(4)tryone’sbesttodosth=doone’sbesttodosth盡某人最大努力做某事17.Ihatetodochores.我討厭做家務。

hatetodosth討厭做某事,表示某次具體行為或動作。Ihatetotroublehim.hatedoingsth不愿意做某事表示經�；蛄晳T性行為或動作。Shehatessmokinginherroom.18.CouldIaskyoutohelpmewithsomechoresthen?那我能請求你幫我做些雜活嗎？

【解析】asksb.todosth要求某人做某事。askfor請求，要某物

asksb.aboutsth向某人詢問關于某事

(1)asksb.forhelp向某人請求幫助(2)asksb.(not)todosth請求某人做某事ask構成的短語：

短語asksb.todosthasksb.nottodosthasksbforsthaskforhelp

19.I’llfinishmyhomeworkwhileyouhelpmewiththedishes.當你幫我洗盤子的時候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)。【解析1】finishdoingsth完成某事

Canyoufinish_reading__thesebooksbefore10o’clock?Yes,Ican.

【解析2】whileconj.“在……期間；當……的時候”

While引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)動詞。

_While__thechildrenhavefun,parentscantakedancelessonsonthebeach.【解析3】helpsb.withsth.在某事上幫助某人�！咀ⅰ縣elpv幫助→helpfuladj.有幫助的

(1)helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.withsth.幫助某人做某事(2)withthehelpofsb.=withone’shelp在某人的幫助之下(3)withoutthehelpof沒有在…的幫助之下

含義請某人做某事不讓某人做某事向某人要某物尋求幫助

①Ithinkreadingisvery__helpful____(help).

②__Without____yourhelp,wecouldn’tcatchthethief.

20.CouldIinvitemyfriendstoaparty?我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎？【解析】invitesb.toSp.邀請某人去某地【解析】invitev→invitationn邀請

(1)invitesb.todosth邀請某人做某事(2)invitesb.to+地點邀請某人去某地21.Idon’tunderstandwhysomeparentsmaketheirkidshelpwithhouseworkandchoresathome.我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務和雜務。【解析】makesb.dosth讓某人做某事make→made→madev.做，制作，使得

(1)makesb/sth+形容詞“讓某人或某物…”makeyouhappy(2)makesb/sthdosth使某人做某事makemelaugh.

Colorscanchangeourmoodsandmakeus_feel__happyorsad,energeticorsleep.22.Theydon’thavetimetostudyanddohousework，too.他們也沒有時間來學習家務和做家務�！窘馕觥縣avetimetodosth.有時間做某事

havetime=befree有空

23.Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.做家務是在浪費他們的時間�！窘馕觥縜wasteof浪費

awasteoftime浪費時間awasteofmoney浪費金錢

wastev“浪費”wastetime/moneyonsthwastetime/money(in)doingsth在做某事上花費時間/金錢

Don’t____waste______water.Can’tyouseethesign“savewater”?

24.Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesand

getintoagooduniversity.為了取得好成績并考上一所好大學，他們應該把時間用在學習上。【解析1】spend...onsth在某事上花費......

spend/pay/cost/take花費

(1)spend→spent→spentv花費,主語是人◆sb.+spend+時間/錢+onsth◆sb.+spend+時間/錢+（in）doingsth◆spendon=payfor支付

Hespendstoomuchtimeonthecomputergames.Remembertospendsometime_with_yourlovedones,becausethey’renotgoingtobearoundforever.Myfather__spent___onehundredthousandyuanonhisnewcar.(2)pay→paid→paidv支付，主語是人◆sb.+pay+錢+forsthIpay10yuanforthebook.Howmuchdidyou__pay__forthiscomputer?Fivehundreddollars.

(3)cost→cost→costv花費，主語是某物或某事◆sthcostsb.+錢某物花費某人多少錢Anewcomputercostsmealotofmoney.Iboughtanewsweaterlastweekend.It___cost_me120yuan.(4)take→took→takenv花費◆Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花費某人多長時間Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.【解析2】inorderto“目的是；為了”后接動詞原形。inordertodosth為了做某事Heranquicklyinordernot__tobe___lateforthemeeting.【解析3】getinto=enter進入【拓展】與get相關的短語：

getup起床getback返回getover克服getdressed穿衣getinto進入get/belost丟失getoff/on下/上車getonwellwithsb.與某人相處得好getoutof從…出來getwarm變曖getreadyfor+n.為…做準備getreadytodosth.準備做某事getwell康復getachance有機會、得到機會

get/gotosleep(fallasleep)入睡相關：(beasleep睡著)25.Also,whentheygetolder,theywillhavetodohousrworksothere’snoneedforthemtodoitnow.而且，當他們長大的時候，他們也將會做家務，因此，他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做。【解析】getolder長大get/become/go辨析：

⑴get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級連用。Thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.⑵become強調變化的結果It"sbecomingcolderandcolder.⑶go+adj.""表示令人不快的事情

gobad變壞，goblind變瞎，gohungry挨餓

26.Itistheparents’jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.在家為孩子們提供一個干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務�！窘馕觥縫rovidesth.forsb.為某人提供某物providev提供providesb.withsth.(sb前介詞用for)=providesthforsb.(sth前需加介詞with)供應某人某物相當于：offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.

provide為應急等做好準備而“提供；供給”providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.提供某人某物offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.對某人提供某物offertodosth主動提出干某事offer側重表示“愿意給予”supply定期“供應”,強調替代或補充所需物品Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.為某人提供某物①TheInternetprovidesus_with__alotof_information___weneed.

②Couldyoupleaseprovideus_with___someinformationaboutthestudents’health?

Ofcourse,it’smypleasure.

27.Andanyway,Ithinkdoingchoresisnotsodifficult.無論如何，我認為做家務并不那么難。

【解析】anyway無論如何,(一般放在句首，用逗號和句子隔開）28.Ithinkitisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodochoresandhelptheirparentswithhousework.

我認為對孩子們來說，學習如何做雜務并幫助他們的父母做家務是很重要的�！窘馕觥縄tisimportantforsb.todosth.對某人來說做某事是重要的29.Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.現(xiàn)在的孩子太依賴他們的父母。【解析】dependon依靠；信賴Shallwegoforapicnictomorrow?Well,itall___dependson____theweather.

30....Everyoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.每個人都有責任保持家里的干凈和整潔。【解析1】doone’spart盡職責；盡本分

Doone’spartindoingsth在做某事上盡職責【解析2】keep+sth/sb.+adj.“使......處于某種狀態(tài)”

Hermotheraskedhertokeepthewindows__open__andthedoor__closed__.keep系動詞“保持”keep+adj.Wemustkeephealthy.實義動詞“保持；繼續(xù)”

(1)keep(on)doingsth繼續(xù)做某事Hewasingreatpainbuthekeptonworking

Hekepton__talking__aftertheballrangforclass.(2)keepsb.Doingsth讓某人一直做某事I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.

Myteacherkeptme__doing___homeworkalltheafternoon.

31.Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren’sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.

做雜務不僅可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨立性還可以教他們如何照顧自己�！窘馕觥縟evelopindependence培養(yǎng)獨立意識

developv→developmentn發(fā)展→developingadj.發(fā)展的→developedadj.發(fā)達的

adevelopingcountry一個發(fā)展中國家adevelopedcountry一個發(fā)達國家Chinaisa__developing___country.

32.Sincetheyliveinonehousewiththeirparents,theyshouldknowthateveryoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.

既然他們和父母同住在一個房子里，他們應該知道保持家里干凈、整潔每個人都應該參與�！窘馕觥縮inceconj.既然(表示對方已知的事實或理由，常放在句首）.YouhavebeeninNeijiangverylong?Yeah.__Since___myparentscamehere.

33.Ourneighbor’ssongotintoagoodcollegebutduringhisfirstyear,hehadnideahowtotakecareofhimself.我們鄰居的兒子上一所好大學，但是在第一年的時候，他還不知道如何照顧自己�！窘馕觥縯akecareof照顧

Thanksforyourinvitation,butI’msosorryIcan’tgo.Ineedto___takecareof___mybabyathome.【拓展】與take相關的短語：

takephotos/pictures照像takeaway拿走takeout取出(workout算出)takecare當心takemedicine服藥takeplace發(fā)生takeone’stemperature量體溫

takeone’stime別著急takeawalk散步34.Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.結果，他常常生病，功課也落下了。

【解析1】asaresult結果（插入語，放在句首，用逗號隔開）

Don’taskhimtoolateintothenight,__Asaresult___,heisonlyasmallchild.【解析2】fallill生病fallasleep入睡35.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.孩子們越早學會獨立，對他們的未來越好�！窘馕觥縯he+比較級，the+比較級“越......越......”Themoreyousmile,the___happier____youwillfeel.

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